A TPMT genotyping test is a genetic test that identifies variations in the TPMT gene to predict a person's risk of serious side effects from thiopurine drugs, such as azathioprine and mercaptopurine. These drugs are used for conditions like leukemia and inflammatory bowel disease, but variations in the TPMT gene can lead to low or absent enzyme activity, causing the drug to build up and leading to severe side effects like bone marrow suppression. The test analyzes a blood sample using methods like PCR to find these genetic variations, which helps doctors adjust medication dosages to ensure safer and more effective treatment.
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