The Treponema Pallidum Hemagglutination Assay (TPHA) is a blood test that detects antibodies against Treponema pallidum, the bacteria that causes syphilis. It is a confirmatory test used to diagnose syphilis and determine if a person has been exposed to the bacteria, as it identifies antibodies that the immune system has created in response. The test works by mixing the patient's serum with red blood cells that have been sensitized with T. pallidum antigens; if antibodies are present, the cells will clump together (agglutinate).
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